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Dry Skin (Xerosis): Causes, Symptoms & Proven Skincare Solutions

Dry skin (xerosis) is a condition in which the epidermis lacks sufficient moisture and natural oils (lipids) to maintain its protective barrier. It is often accompanied by tightness, flaking, and itching. Dry skin can be an inherent skin type or a temporary condition caused by external factors. It is important to distinguish dry skin from dehydrated skin: dry skin lacks oil, whereas dehydrated skin (which can even be oily) lacks water.


Key Signs of Dry Skin

  1. Texture: Skin feels thin and rough to the touch, with barely visible pores.
  2. Sensation: Constant tightness, especially after washing with water.
  3. Visual Changes: Fine lines, flaking, and redness when irritated.


Why Skin Becomes Dry

  1. Genetics: Skin type is inherited (low sebum production).
  2. External Factors: Cold air, wind, low indoor humidity (especially in winter), and hot showers.
  3. Improper Skincare: Using harsh soaps, alcohol-based toners, and frequent scrubs.
  4. Internal Causes: Vitamin deficiencies (A, E, C), aging, or overall body dehydration.


Basic Skincare Guidelines

  1. Cleansing: Use only gentle, sulfate-free products (milk cleansers, cleansing oils, or mild gels).
  2. Moisturizing & Nourishing: Apply cream immediately after washing on slightly damp skin. Look for ingredients such as hyaluronic acid, glycerin, ceramides, and natural oils.
  3. Protection: In winter, use richer, nourishing creams; in summer, choose products with SPF, as sun exposure further dries the skin.


Regular moisturizing and proper care help restore the skin’s protective barrier and reduce dryness.

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  1. A-Derma Dermalibour+ gel mous
  2. La Roche-Posay Lipikar Baume AP+M
  3. Neutrogena Hydro Boost Creme Gel, 50 ml
  4. Cetaphil Pro Itch Control skin-soothing lotion
  5. Bioderma Atoderm Intensive Balm